Is Youtube the Television of the future: How do older forms of media inform new media markets?

In my case study I looked into the development of Youtube, and how it is expanding into its own form of cable TV. I dove into the history of Youtube which identified key points in its advancement to a huge entertainment provider, its first major inovation being Youtube Red. This development turned Youtube from a home video site, to a content creator making exclusive shows and movies for the platform. Youtube has made major movies and and invested lots of money into their Youtube originals, developing them into something extremely similar to regular TV shows.

Here is a link to 'The Thinning' a Youtube original movie


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8FbQoI8P7c4


Youtube TV is the newest inovation, it was announced in February 2017. This innovation has not officially come out yet, however Youtube have announced channels which will be available on their initial launch. These involved lots of sport shows and major networks such as CBS, the cost of Youtube TV is cheaper than regular cable providers such as Dish. It does have less channels, however the channels listed so far are only for initial launch as I said above which leaves room for expansion.


Youtube's expansion I see as a development of making the world more 'cordless' as we see everywhere now, and I think it will be a big success.


Work Cited

Callero, Peter L. “An Investigation Into Alternative Television Viewership Habits Of College Students.” Mar. 2017.

Solomon, Feliz. “YouTube Could Be About to Overtake TV as America's Most Watched Platform”. February, 28th, 2017. http://fortune.com/2017/02/28/youtube-1-billion-hours-television/

Pino, Nick. “YouTube TV: Everything you need to know about the TV streaming service”.     August, 17th, 2017. http://www.techradar.com/news/youtube-tv-everything-you-need-to-know-about-the-new-tv-streaming-service

Wasserman, Todd. “The revolution wasn't televised: The early days of YouTube”. February, 14th, 2015. http://mashable.com/2015/02/14/youtube-history/#OjdoTk6hzPqA

Green, Joshua , and Jean Burgess. YouTube: Online Video and Participatory Culture. Polity Press, 2009.

Strangelove, Michael . Watching YouTube: Extraordinary Videos by Ordinary People. UTP Publishing , 2010.

Reality TV: How older media forms influence newer media markets?

Technology is constantly evolving and changing. We live in a society where we are constantly striving for the bigger, newer, and better things. This has become apart of our culture. This culture of topping the newest things has affected our technology and media industries. It has resulted in an exponential growth in technology in the last 20 years. The editors of Big Think Articles stated, "We won’t experience 100 years of progress in the 21st century — it will be more like 20,000 years of progress (at today’s rate)," wrote Kurzweil in 2001. Just think about how much things have changed in the past 10 years—wireless internet, smart phones, Facebook and Twitter—and then try to imagine how vastly different things will be in 2021, or even 2100”.  Older forms of media influence new media markets. The older forms act as building blocks for the new media markets to build off of. For example, Radio led to the television industry and if it were not for the radio acting as a building block the Television and television networks would probably not exist. My specific case of how older forms of media inform newer media markets is reality TV. This genre of television all came about by radio. Alan Funt, a popular radio host of Candid mic, made his popular radio show into the first reality TV show, Candid Camera. This opened up the world to reality Television which has influenced other media markets such as social media, gaming and news. My specific example is the Kardashians, the stars of the reality TV show Keeping Up With The Kardashians. Ever since their reality TV show hit the big screen in 2007, they have experienced a huge fan base. This is called a parasocial relationship, or a one-sided relationship. Where as their fans feel like they know them personally because they see them in their everyday lives through their reality TV show. This has given the reality TV stars such as the Kardashians a platform that has changed out media markets. For instance, Kim Kardashian has 57 million followers on Twitter. Her presence on social media sites such as Twitter, Instagram, and Snapchat have brought an audience to those sites as well causing social media to positively grow with TV. This is the same thing with the gaming and app industry. They have made games, such as Kim Kardashian’s: Hollywood Experience, and have even made endorsements for specific games. When these reality stars are making endorsements for these games or social media sites, because of the parasocial relationship, it makes their fan base feel like it is more of a friend recommendation then an endorsement. This brings more of an audience to these gaming and app media industries just because someone they like “uses” them too. Another media  industry Reality TV influences is the News outlets such as FOX, CNN, Late Night Shows, etc. For example, Kylie Kardashian pregnancy announcement made national news over the North Korean Nuclear war offset. The new media industry mindset of “give the consumer what they want” it has changes the News industry and the stories that they cover. Media industries are all linked together and act as building blocks to one another. 

Sources:

Andrejevic, Mark. “Reality TV.” The international Encyclopedia   of Communication – Andrejevic – Wiley  Online Library,   John Wiley & Songs, Ltd, 5 June 2008,   Onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/9781405186407/  full.

Biressi, A., & Nunn, H. (2004). Reality TV: Realism and   revelation. London: Wallflower Press.

Kristin M. Barton, Reality Television Programming and   Diverging Gratification: the influence of Content on   Gratifications Obtained, 53 J. Broad. & Elec. Media

Politcal Advertisements: How do older forms of media inform new media markets?

In my case study I examined how political advertisements have shaped the television industry, and discussed how this has impacted the individual consumer. I went into detail on how political advertisements have changed over the past decades, in examining similarities as well as differences in how they intend to persuade their voters. I also highlighted due to these changes that the need for regulations became more important as the industry grew. When thinking about how political advertisements started, we can see how much of an actual impact it made towards the results of an election. The first political television advertisement was only the beginning on how politicians can reach out to spread their message in greater distances than ever before. Due to the rapid growth of this new innovation, we now see political advertisements as a main way to get a message across without traveling the country. We can also see how advertisements can evoke not only to persuade a vote but a way to cause mass hysteria as well.
An example of this is provided by the link below.


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dDTBnsqxZ3k&t=2s



With political advertisements like this, we saw the industry shift into regulations due to the concerns of misleading information. Regulations like the Federal Sponsorship Identification law and, the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act have impacted how we view and obtain political advertisements. In understanding how political advertisements began and how they have changed over the years, we can see how the television industry has shaped our perceptions when consuming content. With new developing ways in how political advertisements are presented and how they inform us, the future of political advertisements will certainly change once again in the future.

Works Cited

Heersink, B., & Peterson, B. D. (2017). Truman defeats Dewey: The effect of campaign visits on election outcomes. Electoral Studies, 4949-64. doi:10.1016/j.electstud.2017.07.007

Mann, R. (2011). It was the summer of 1964 and President Lyndon Johnson was worried about his reelection. Campaigns & Elections (2010), 32(306), 30.

Michael J., M. (2005). Will the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002 Strengthen the Political System?. Journal Of Policy Analysis And Management, (3), 599. doi:10.1002/ pam.20117

Phillips, J. M., Urbany, J. E., & Reynolds, T. J. (2008). Confirmation and the Effects of Valenced Political Advertising: A Field Experiment. Journal Of Consumer Research, 34(6), 7 94-806.

Raju, S. (2016). THE FCC'S ABANDONMENT OF SPONSORSHIP IDENTIFICATION REGULATION & ANONYMOUS SPECIAL INTEREST GROUP POLITICAL ADVERTISING. Washington University Law Review, 93(4), 1103-1129.

Straubhaar and LaRose, (2013) Media Now, Ninth/Tenth Edition, Wadsworth 

HBO Boxing: How do older forms of media inform new media markets?

     In my case study, I examined on how old media forms shaped the evolution of HBO Boxing in new media. Furthermore, I utilize the history of HBO Boxing events to show how core ideas of old media are still present today. I also present the number of ways viewers can access the content, not facing limitations of having to be in front of a TV. The Case of America Presents, Ltd v. Hopkins, can be examined to see how poor practices of old media have lead to the need for more strict acts being in place. One of these acts is the S.893 National Boxing Commission act of 2001, establishing the National Boxing Commission.
     HBO Boxing today is facing the transition from pay TV, to online streaming. This mirrors the transition in old media from the radio, to the traditional T.V. cable broadcast. Core beliefs of entertainment being a social media have stayed consistent through the years. For example, having broadcasters sitting in front of the audience almost seemingly conversing with them is still present. Old media was facing commercial skippers when the transition from singular advertisement, to segments of advertisements was occurring. Today we see new media mirroring this old media platform of plastering advertisements all over the contenders, the ring, and title sponsors (main advertisement of the event) on the promotional posters. This shows a practice of having old media singular advertisements, along side segments to maximize profit of these live streams. I also observe the potential earnings with these advertisements showing how Mayweather made upwards of $25 million from just his clothing, and how Corona had to pay upwards of $10 million to be on the promotional poster(title sponsor).
     When thinking about the question: How do older forms of media inform new media markets, it is important to see how following these core practices have stood the test of time. I use the example of earnings from the 1975 fight between Muhammad Ali, and Joe Frazier to show how the beginning of HBO Boxing was profitable with Ali making around $9 million; Then compared it to the most recent championship fight between Mayweather and McGregor to show that earnings have multiplied 10 fold compared to its beginning with Mayweather earning over $100 million. This comparison shows that forms of old media have stood the test of time, and shows that old media principles can still be applied to new media with success.

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Works Cited: (I highly recommend taking a look at some of these sources. After doing some research, it is very fascinating to see how much money comes from these championship fights. Copy and pasting links and removing space will work rather than clicking due to link formatting.)

Fife, Patrick B. (2002) "The National Boxing Commission Act of 2001: It's Time for

Congress to Step into the Ring and Save the Sport of Boxing," Hofstra Law Review: Vol. 30: Iss. 4, Article 5. Available at: http://scholarlycommons.law.hofstra.edu/hlr/vol30/iss4/5

America Presents, Ltd. v. Hopkins, 330 F. Supp. 2d 1217 (D. Colo. 2004). United States

District Court, D. Colorado. 12 Aug. 2004. Justia US Law. U.S. District Court for the District of Colorado - 330 F. Supp. 2d 1217, 12 Aug. 2004. Web. 27 Oct. 2017. Available at: https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/district-courts/FSupp2/330/1217/2314281/  

Straubhaar, Joseph, and Lucinda Davenport. "Chapter 9, Television" Media Now:

Understanding Media, Culture, and Technology. Ed. Robert LaRose. 10th ed. Boston: Cengage Learning, 2016. 214+. Print.

Press, Associated. "Lawsuits over Mayweather-Pacquiao Fight Head to California

Court." ESPN. ESPN Internet Ventures, 18 Aug. 2015. Web. 27 Oct. 2017. Available at: http://www.espn.com/boxing/story/_/id/13457769/floyd-mayweather-jr-manny-pacquiao-lawsuits-sent-california-court

Metro.co.uk, Oliver Wheaton for. “How Much Money Did Mayweather and McGregor

Really Make from Their Fight?” Metro, Metro.co.uk, 30 Aug. 2017, Available at: metro.co.uk/2017/08/30/how-much-money-did-mayweather-and-mcgregor-really-make-from-their-fight-6889058/

“Muhammad Ali vs. Joe Frazier (3rd Meeting).” Edited by Box Rec, Box Rec, Box Rec,

24 Feb. 2016, Available at: boxrec.com/media/index.php/Muhammad_Ali_vs._Joe_Frazier_(3rd_meeting)

Press, Associated. “Floyd Mayweather-Conor McGregor Fight Threatens PPV Sales

Record.” ESPN, ESPN Internet Ventures, 2 Sept. 2017, Available at: www.espn.com/boxing/story/_/id/20535309/estimated-50-million-people-watched-floyd-mayweather-jr-vs-conor-mcgregor-fight.

Hibberd, James. “'Game of Thrones' Whacks 'The Sopranos' to Become HBO's Most

Popular Show Ever.” EW.com, Time Inc, 5 June 2014,

Davies, Gareth A. “Exclusive: Floyd Mayweather to Earn Nearly £20m in Clothing

Sponsorship from Conor McGregor Fight.” The Telegraph, Telegraph Media Group, 16 Aug. 2017, Available at: www.telegraph.co.uk/boxing/2017/08/16/floyd-mayweather-earn-nearly-20m-clothing- sponsorship-conor/

Carp, Sam. “Corona Extra to Sponsor Mayweather-McGregor.” SportsPro, Sports Pros,

21 Aug. 2017, Available at: www.sportspromedia.com/news/corona-extra-to-sponsor-
mayweather-mcgregor.

How Do Media Industries Shape Media Audiences?

In my case study, I explored how media industries shape media audiences. More specifically, I aimed to illustrate how Marvel Studios, uses the concept of transmedia to shape media audience to watch Marvel films and consume other media in tandem to the films. Marvel films have shape media audiences through its “cinematic universe” through its television, flagship comic books, video games, etc. Additionally, Marvel Studios use “Easter eggs” and “Post credit scenes” to entice audience members to seek other media to understand the full story of Marvel plot lines as well as anticipate for future media.

Marvel Studios is a prime example of how contemporary media industries shape media audiences through transmedia storytelling. According to Ádám Richter, transmedia storying telling is a story unfolding “across multiple media platforms, with each new text making a distinctive and valuable contribution to the whole” (2016). Within its own Marvel Cinematic Universe, Marvel successfully gets their audience to eagerly participate in consuming the films as well as associated media because Marvel has been able to create anticipation “for future films to the extent that each film not only is an event/text in itself, but serves as a promotional tool for future events/texts” (Beaty 322). The anticipation for getting the whole story through consuming Marvel media is created through theatrical conventions such as Easter eggs and Post credit scenes alluding to obscure references to other Marvel based media and teasing future plot points respectively.

Work Cited

Beaty, Bart. "Superhero Fan Service: Audience Strategies in the Contemporary Interlinked Hollywood Blockbuster." Information Society, vol. 32, no. 5, Oct-Dec2016, pp. 318-325. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1080/01972243.2016.1212616.

Dantzler, Jamoki Zakia. "How the Marvel Cinematic Universe Represents Our Quality World: An Integration of Reality Therapy/Choice Theory and Cinema Therapy." Journal of Creativity in Mental Health, vol. 10, no. 4, Oct. 2015, pp. 471-487. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1080/15401383.2014.994796.

Richter, Ádám. "The Marvel Cinematic Universe as a Transmedia Narrative." Americana: E-Journal of American Studies in Hungary, vol. 12, no. 1, 2016. EBSCOhost, lib-ezproxy.tamu.edu:2048/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mzh&AN=2017306637&site=eds-live.

 

 

How do media industries shape media audiences?

Abigail Wideman 

In my case study I focused on the potential threat that Redox posed to theater & studio film companies in 2012, & could pose in the future. 

In 2012, the U.S. box office total was $10.4 billion, which had gone down 5% from $10.9 billion in 2011. Researchers believed this was partially due to the increase of in home theater appliences, and because of business’ like Redbox.

Studio and theater companies did not like this, Warner Brothers in particular. Warner Bros. feared that the inexpensive rentals would discourage consumers from more profitable DVD purchases or video-on-demand rentals.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0_SOrtyg4U4 

Warner Bros. tried to push the film release window to 56 days, which is double the original Redbox release date. Redbox would not agree to this, and began to provide Warner Bros. films to its customers through third party markets.

Warner Bros. ended up caving to Redbox, and reverting back to the 28 day agreement.

Redbox has the potential to surpass movie theater attendance and poses a threat to major studio profits. However, I don’t really think it will due to the fact that people would have to wait nearly a month in order to have access to the films. Personally, I enjoy the experience of going to the movie theater. 

Sources:

• Barnes, Brooks. “Movie Studios See a Threat in Growth of Redbox.” The New York
  Times, The New York Times, 6 Sept. 2009, www.nytimes.com/2009/09/07/business/media/07redbox.html.
  CNETTV. “Loaded: Redbox breaks up with Warner.” YouTube, YouTube, 1 Feb. 2012,
  www.youtube.com/watch?v=0_SOrtyg4U4.
  Fritz, Ben. “Warner Bros. relents, agrees to Redbox DVD deal.” Los Angeles Times, Los
  Angeles Times, 25 Oct. 2012, articles.latimes.com/2012/oct/25/entertainment/la-et-ct-warner-redbox-20121026.
  News, ABC. “Warner Bros. delays releases to Movie-Rental kiosks like Redbox.” ABC
  News, ABC News Network, abcnews.go.com/Business/story?id=8325124&page=1.
  Reisinger, Don. “Redbox rebuffs Warner Bros., won't delay rentals for 56 days.” CNET,
  1 Feb. 2012, www.cnet.com/news/redbox-rebuffs-warner-bros-wont-delay-rentals-for-56-days/.
  Straubhaar, Joseph, and Robert Larose. (2008). Media Now: Understanding Media, Culture and Technology. Belmont, CA.: Wadsworth Company.